This document discusses arithmetic statements that are used for computing data:
In addition, the following statements are discussed which are used to transfer the value of an operand into one or more fields:
Important:
For optimum processing, user-defined variables used in arithmetic statements should be defined with
format P (packed numeric).
The following topics are covered:
The COMPUTE statement is used
to perform arithmetic operations. The following connecting operators are available:
**
|
Exponentiation |
|---|---|
*
|
Multiplication |
/
|
Division |
+
|
Addition |
-
|
Subtraction |
( )
|
Parentheses may be used to indicate logical grouping. |
COMPUTE LEAVE-DUE = LEAVE-DUE * 1.1
In this example, the value of the field LEAVE-DUE is multiplied by 1.1, and
the result is placed in the field LEAVE-DUE.
COMPUTE #A = SQRT (#B)
In this example, the square root of the value of the field #B is evaluated,
and the result is assigned to the field #A.
SQRT is a mathematical function supported in the following arithmetic
statements:
For an overview of mathematical functions, see Mathematical Functions below.
COMPUTE #INCOME = BONUS (1,1) + SALARY (1)
In this example, the first bonus of the current year and the current salary amount are
added and assigned to the field #INCOME.
The statements MOVE and COMPUTE can be used to transfer the
value of an operand into one or more fields. The operand may be a constant such as a text
item or a number, a database field, a user-defined variable, a system variable, or, in
certain cases, a system function.
The difference between the two statements is that in the MOVE statement the
value to be moved is specified on the left; in the COMPUTE statement the
value to be assigned is specified on the right, as shown in the following examples.
MOVE NAME TO #LAST-NAME COMPUTE #LAST-NAME = NAME
The ADD, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY and DIVIDE statements are used to perform
arithmetic operations.
ADD +5 -2 -1 GIVING #A SUBTRACT 6 FROM 11 GIVING #B MULTIPLY 3 BY 4 GIVING #C DIVIDE 3 INTO #D GIVING #E
All four statements have a ROUNDED option, which you can use if you wish the result of
the operation to be rounded.
For rules on rounding, see Rules for Arithmetic Assignment.
The Statements documentation provides more detailed information on these statements.
The following program demonstrates the use of user-defined variables in arithmetic statements. It calculates the ages and wages of three employees and outputs these.
** Example 'COMPUX01': COMPUTE ************************************************************************ DEFINE DATA LOCAL 1 MYVIEW VIEW OF EMPLOYEES 2 NAME 2 BIRTH 2 JOB-TITLE 2 SALARY (1:1) 2 BONUS (1:1,1:1) * 1 #DATE (N8) 1 REDEFINE #DATE 2 #YEAR (N4) 2 #MONTH (N2) 2 #DAY (N2) 1 #BIRTH-YEAR (A4) 1 REDEFINE #BIRTH-YEAR 2 #BIRTH-YEAR-N (N4) 1 #AGE (N3) 1 #INCOME (P9) END-DEFINE * MOVE *DATN TO #DATE * READ (3) MYVIEW BY NAME STARTING FROM 'JONES' MOVE EDITED BIRTH (EM=YYYY) TO #BIRTH-YEAR SUBTRACT #BIRTH-YEAR-N FROM #YEAR GIVING #AGE /* COMPUTE #INCOME = BONUS (1:1,1:1) + SALARY (1:1) /* DISPLAY NAME 'POSITION' JOB-TITLE #AGE #INCOME END-READ END
Output of Program COMPUX01:
Page 1 14-01-14 14:15:54
NAME POSITION #AGE #INCOME
-------------------- ------------------------- ---- ----------
JONES MANAGER 63 55000
JONES DIRECTOR 58 50000
JONES PROGRAMMER 48 31000
The COMPRESS statement is used
to transfer (combine) the contents of two or more operands into a single alphanumeric
field.
Leading zeros in a numeric field and trailing blanks in an alphanumeric field are suppressed before the field value is moved to the receiving field.
By default, the transferred values are separated from one another by a single blank in
the receiving field. For other separating possibilities, see the COMPRESS
statement option LEAVING NO
SPACE (in the Statements documentation).
COMPRESS 'NAME:' FIRST-NAME #LAST-NAME INTO #FULLNAME
In this example, a COMPRESS statement is used to combine a text constant
('NAME:'), a database field (FIRST-NAME) and a user-defined
variable (#LAST-NAME) into one user-defined variable
(#FULLNAME).
For further information on the COMPRESS statement, please refer to the
COMPRESS statement
description (in the Statements documentation).
The following program illustrates the use of the statements MOVE and COMPRESS.
** Example 'COMPRX01': COMPRESS ************************************************************************ DEFINE DATA LOCAL 1 MYVIEW VIEW OF EMPLOYEES 2 NAME 2 FIRST-NAME 2 MIDDLE-I * 1 #LAST-NAME (A15) 1 #FULL-NAME (A30) END-DEFINE * READ (3) MYVIEW BY NAME STARTING FROM 'JONES' MOVE NAME TO #LAST-NAME /* COMPRESS 'NAME:' FIRST-NAME MIDDLE-I #LAST-NAME INTO #FULL-NAME /* DISPLAY #FULL-NAME (UC==) FIRST-NAME 'I' MIDDLE-I (AL=1) NAME END-READ END
Output of Program COMPRX01:
Notice the output format of the compressed field.
Page 1 14-01-14 14:15:54
#FULL-NAME FIRST-NAME I NAME
============================== -------------------- - --------------------
NAME: VIRGINIA J JONES VIRGINIA J JONES
NAME: MARSHA JONES MARSHA JONES
NAME: ROBERT B JONES ROBERT B JONES
In multiple-line displays, it may be useful to combine fields/text in a user-defined variables by using a COMPRESS statement.
In the following program, three user-defined
variables are used: #FULL-SALARY, #FULL-NAME, and
#FULL-CITY. #FULL-SALARY, for example, contains the text
'SALARY:' and the database fields SALARY and
CURR-CODE. The WRITE statement then references only the compressed
variables.
** Example 'COMPRX02': COMPRESS
************************************************************************
DEFINE DATA LOCAL
1 VIEWEMP VIEW OF EMPLOYEES
2 NAME
2 FIRST-NAME
2 SALARY (1:1)
2 CURR-CODE (1:1)
2 CITY
2 ADDRESS-LINE (1:1)
2 ZIP
*
1 #FULL-SALARY (A25)
1 #FULL-NAME (A25)
1 #FULL-CITY (A25)
END-DEFINE
*
READ (3) VIEWEMP BY CITY STARTING FROM 'NEW YORK'
COMPRESS 'SALARY:' CURR-CODE(1) SALARY(1) INTO #FULL-SALARY
COMPRESS FIRST-NAME NAME INTO #FULL-NAME
COMPRESS ZIP CITY INTO #FULL-CITY
/*
DISPLAY 'NAME AND ADDRESS' NAME (EM=X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X)
WRITE 1/5 #FULL-NAME
1/37 #FULL-SALARY
2/5 ADDRESS-LINE (1)
3/5 #FULL-CITY
SKIP 1
END-READ
END
Output of Program COMPRX02:
Page 1 14-01-14 14:15:54
NAME AND ADDRESS
-----------------------
R U B I N
SYLVIA RUBIN SALARY: USD 17000
2003 SARAZEN PLACE
10036 NEW YORK
W A L L A C E
MARY WALLACE SALARY: USD 38000
12248 LAUREL GLADE C
10036 NEW YORK
K E L L O G G
HENRIETTA KELLOGG SALARY: USD 52000
1001 JEFF RYAN DR.
19711 NEWARK
The following program is similar to COMPRX02, but the three database fields
NAME, SALARY, and COUNTRY are treated with an
edit mask in the COMPRESS
statement.
** Example 'COMPRX04': COMPRESS with Edit Mask (EM)
** see similar example COMPRX02 with DISPLAY statement etc.
************************************************************************
DEFINE DATA LOCAL
1 VIEWEMP VIEW OF EMPLOYEES
2 NAME
2 FIRST-NAME
2 SALARY (1:1)
2 CURR-CODE (1:1)
2 CITY
2 ADDRESS-LINE (1:1)
2 ZIP
2 COUNTRY
*
1 #FULL-SALARY (A25)
1 #FULL-NAME (A25)
1 #FULL-CITY (A25)
1 #COUNTRY (A10)
1 #NAME (A25)
END-DEFINE
*
READ (3) VIEWEMP BY CITY STARTING FROM 'NEW YORK'
COMPRESS NAME (EM=X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X^X) INTO #NAME
COMPRESS FIRST-NAME NAME INTO #FULL-NAME
COMPRESS 'SALARY:' CURR-CODE(1)
SALARY(1) (EM=ZZZ,ZZ9) INTO #FULL-SALARY
COMPRESS ZIP CITY INTO #FULL-CITY
COMPRESS COUNTRY (EM=X'-'X'-'X) INTO #COUNTRY
/*
DISPLAY 'NAME AND ADDRESS' #NAME
WRITE 1/5 #FULL-NAME
1/37 #FULL-SALARY
2/5 ADDRESS-LINE (1)
3/5 #FULL-CITY
4/5 #COUNTRY
SKIP 1
END-READ
END
Output of Program COMPRX04:
Page 1 21-12-20 17:25:24
NAME AND ADDRESS
-------------------------
R U B I N
SYLVIA RUBIN SALARY: USD 17,000
2003 SARAZEN PLACE
10036 NEW YORK
U-S-A
W A L L A C E
MARY WALLACE SALARY: USD 38,000
12248 LAUREL GLADE C
10036 NEW YORK
U-S-A
K E L L O G G
HENRIETTA KELLOGG SALARY: USD 52,000
1001 JEFF RYAN DR.
19711 NEWARK
U-S-A
The following Natural mathematical functions are supported in arithmetic processing
statements (ADD, COMPUTE, DIVIDE, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY).
| Mathematical Function | Natural System Function |
|---|---|
Absolute value of field.
|
ABS(field)
|
Arc tangent of field.
|
ATN(field)
|
Cosine of field.
|
COS(field)
|
Exponential of field.
|
EXP(field)
|
Fractional part of field.
|
FRAC(field)
|
Integer part of field.
|
INT(field)
|
Natural logarithm of field.
|
LOG(field)
|
Sign of field.
|
SGN(field)
|
Sine of field.
|
SIN(field)
|
Square root of field.
|
SQRT(field)
|
Tangent of field.
|
TAN(field)
|
Numeric value of an alphanumeric
field.
|
VAL(field)
|
See also the System Functions documentation for a detailed explanation of each mathematical function.
See the following example programs: