In the pub-sub model, information producers and consumers are de-coupled, meaning they do not interact with one another directly. Instead, each participant interacts only with the message and the Broker entity. This greatly reduces the complexity of an integration solution by eliminating the need to establish individual point-to-point connections among all of the participants and eliminating the need to manage subscriptions and queues for all those publish points. It also produces solutions that are flexible and easy to extend, because you can easily add or remove producers and consumers without impacting existing participants.