[NOT]		predicate
			(search-condition)
	search-condition			AND		search-condition
				OR

This document covers the following topics:

• Search Condition

• Predicate

---

Search Condition

A search-condition can consist of a simple predicate or of multiple search-conditions combined with the Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT, and parentheses if required to indicate a desired order of evaluation.

Example

DEFINE DATA LOCAL 
01 NAME   (A20) 
01 AGE    (I2) 
END-DEFINE 
... 
SELECT * 
  INTO NAME, AGE 
  FROM SQL-PERSONNEL 
  WHERE AGE = 32 AND NAME > 'K' 
END-SELECT 
...

Predicate

scalar-expression comparison

scalar-expression subquery

scalar-expression [NOT] BETWEEN scalar-expression AND scalar-expression

scalar-expression IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM scalar-expression

column-reference [NOT] LIKE

atom special-register

[ESCAPE atom]

column-referenceIS [NOT] NULL

scalar-expression [NOT] IN

subquery

atom special-register

,...

scalar-expression comparison

ALL ANY SOME

subquery

EXISTS subquery

XMLEXISTS (xquery-expression-constant{BY REF|PASSING xquery-argument,...})

A predicate specifies a condition that can be "true", "false" or "unknown".

In a search-condition, a predicate can consist of a simple or complex comparison operation or other kinds of conditions.

Example:

SELECT NAME, AGE 
  INTO VIEW PERS 
  FROM SQL-PERSONNEL 
  WHERE AGE BETWEEN 20 AND 30    
    0R AGE IN ( 32, 34, 36 ) 
    AND NAME LIKE '%er' 
    ...

The individual predicates are explained in the following topics (for further information on predicates, please refer to the relevant literature). According to the syntax above, they are called as follows:

• Comparison Predicate

• BETWEEN Predicate

• DISTINCT Predicate

• LIKE Predicate

• NULL Predicate

• IN Predicate

• Quantified Predicate

• EXISTS Predicate

• XMLEXISTS Predicate

Comparison Predicate

	scalar-expression	comparison			scalar-expression
	row-value-expression		=		row-value-expression
			<>

A comparison predicate compares two values or a set of values with another set of values.

See information on scalar-expression.

Comparison

	=
	<
	>
	<=
	>=
	<>

comparison can be any of the following operators:

=	equal to
<	less than
>	greater than
<=	less than or equal to
>=	greater than or equal to
<>	not equal to

Subquery

(select-expression)

A subquery is a select-expression that is nested inside another such expression.

Example:

DEFINE DATA LOCAL 
1 #NAME    (A20) 
1 #PERSNR  (I4) 
END-DEFINE 
... 
SELECT NAME, PERSNR 
  INTO #NAME, #PERSNR 
  FROM SQL-PERSONNEL 
  WHERE PERSNR IN 
    ( SELECT PERSNR 
        FROM SQL-AUTOMOBILES 
        WHERE COLOR = 'black' )  
        ... 
END-SELECT

For further information, see Select Expressions.

BETWEEN Predicate

scalar-expression [NOT] BETWEEN scalar-expression AND scalar-expression

A BETWEEN predicate compares a value with a range of values.

See information on scalar-expression.

DISTINCT Predicate

	scalar-expression IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM scalar-expression
	row-value-expression IS [NOT] DISTINCT FROM row-value-expression

A DISTINCT predicate compares a value with another value or a set of values with another set of values.

LIKE Predicate

column-reference [NOT] LIKE		atom		[ESCAPE atom]
		special-register

A LIKE predicate searches for strings that have a certain pattern.

See information on column-reference, atom and special-register.

NULL Predicate

column-reference IS [NOT] NULL

A NULL predicate tests for null values.

If the compiler option DB2ARRY is set to ON, it is possible to specify an Natural array or an fixed index range of an array as atom. The Natural SQL compiler will then decompose the array or fixed index range into a list of scalar host variables.

See information on column-reference.

IN Predicate

	scalar-expression  [NOT] IN		subquery
			row-value-expression
	row-value-expression  [NOT] IN subquery

An IN predicate compares a value or a set of values with a collection of values.

See information on scalar-expression, atom and special-register.

See information on subquery.

Quantified Predicate

	scalar-expression	comparison		SOME ANY ALL		subquery
	row-value-expression	=		SOME ANY		subquery
	row-value-expression	<>	ALL			subquery

A quantified predicate compares a value or a set of values with a collection of values.

See information on scalar-expression, comparison, and subquery.

EXISTS Predicate

EXISTS subquery

An EXISTS predicate tests for the existence of certain rows.

The EXISTS predicate evaluates to true only if the result of evaluating the subquery is not empty; that is, if there exists at least one record (row) in the FROM table of the subquery satisfying the search condition of the WHERE clause of this subquery.

Example of EXISTS:

DEFINE DATA LOCAL 
1 #NAME    (A20) 
END-DEFINE 
... 
SELECT NAME 
  INTO #NAME 
  FROM SQL-PERSONNEL 
  WHERE EXISTS 
    ( SELECT * 
      FROM SQL-EMPLOYEES 
      WHERE PERSNR > 1000  
        AND NAME < 'L' ) 
        ... 
END-SELECT 
...

See information on subquery.

XMLEXISTS Predicate

XMLEXISTS (xquery-expression-constant		BY REF		)
		PASSING xquery-argument,...

xquery-argument

	xquery-context-item-expression
	xquery-context-item-expression AS identifier

The XMLEXISTS predicate belongs to the Natural SQL Extended Set.

The XMLEXISTS predicate tests whether an XPATH expression returns a sequence of one or more items. For further information, see the IBM DB2 XML Guide.