ADD

This document covers the following topics:

Related Statements: COMPRESS | COMPUTE | DIVIDE | EXAMINE | MOVE | MOVE ALL | MULTIPLY | RESET | SEPARATE | SUBTRACT

Belongs to Function Group: Arithmetic and Data Movement Operations

Function

The ADD statement is used to add two or more operands.

This statements has two different syntax structures.

Notes:

  1. At the time the ADD statement is executed, each operand used in the arithmetic operation must contain a valid value.
  2. For additions involving arrays, see also the section Arithmetic Operations with Arrays.
  3. As for the formats of the operands, see also the section Performance Considerations for Mixed Formats.

Syntax 1 - ADD Statement without GIVING Clause

ADD [ROUNDED]

../graphics/cbo2.gif

(arithmetic-expression)
operand1

../graphics/cbc2.gif

 ../graphics/dot3.gif TO operand2

For explanations of the symbols used in the syntax diagram, see Syntax Symbols.

Operand Definition Table (Syntax 1):

Operand Possible Structure Possible Formats Referencing Permitted Dynamic Definition
operand1 C S A   N       N P I F   D T         yes no
operand2   S A   M       N P I F   D T         yes yes

Syntax Element Description:

Syntax Element Description:
arithmetic-expression See Arithmetic Expression in the COMPUTE statement.
operand1 TO operand2
Operands:

operand1 and operand2 are summands. The result is stored in operand2 (result field). Hence, the statement is equivalent to: 

operand2 := operand2 + operand1 + ...
ROUNDED
ROUNDED Option:

If the keyword ROUNDED is used, the result will be rounded.

For information on rounding, see Rules for Arithmetic Assignment, Field Truncation and Field Rounding in the Programming Guide.

Example:

The statement

ADD #A(*) TO #B(*)  is equivalent to  COMPUTE #B(*) := #A(*) + #B(*)
ADD #S    TO #R     is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R    := #S + #R 
ADD #S #T TO #R     is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R    := #S + #T + #R
ADD #A(*) TO #R     is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R    := #A(*) + #R

Syntax 2 - ADD Statement with GIVING Clause

ADD [ROUNDED]

../graphics/cbo2.gif

(arithmetic-expression)
operand1

../graphics/cbc2.gif

 ../graphics/dot3.gif GIVING operand2

For explanations of the symbols used in the syntax diagram, see Syntax Symbols.

Operand Definition Table (Syntax 2):

Operand Possible Structure Possible Formats Referencing Permitted Dynamic Definition
operand1 C S A    N       N P I F   D T       yes  no
operand2   S A    M   A U N P I F B* D T        yes yes

* Format B of operand2 may be used only with a length of less than or equal to 4.

Syntax Element Description:

Syntax Element Description:
arithmetic-expression See Arithmetic Expression in the COMPUTE statement.
operand1 GIVING operand2
Operands:

operand1 is a summand. operand2 is only used to receive the result of the operation; it is not included in the addition. Hence, the statement is equivalent to: 

operand2 := operand1 + ...
ROUNDED
ROUNDED Option:

If the keyword ROUNDED is used, the result will be rounded.

For information on rounding, see Rules for Arithmetic Assignment, Field Truncation and Field Rounding in the Programming Guide.

Note:
If Syntax 2 is used, the following applies: Only the (operand1) field(s) left of the keyword GIVING are the terms of the addition, the field right of the keyword GIVING (operand2) is just used to receive the result value. If just a single (operand1) field is supplied, the ADD operation turns into an assignment.

Example:

The statement

ADD #S       GIVING #R  is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R := #S

ADD #S #T    GIVING #R  is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R := #S + #T

ADD #A(*) 0  GIVING #R  is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R := #A(*) + 0
                        which is a legal operation, due to the rules defined
                        in Arithmetic Operations with Arrays

ADD #A(*)    GIVING #R  is equivalent to  COMPUTE #R := #A(*)
                        which is an illegal operation, due to the rules
                        defined in Assignment Operations with Arrays

Example

** Example 'ADDEX1': ADD                                                
************************************************************************
DEFINE DATA LOCAL                                                       
1 #A      (P2)                                                          
1 #B      (P1.1)                                                        
1 #C      (P1)                                                          
1 #DATE   (D)                                                           
1 #ARRAY1 (P5/1:4,1:4) INIT (2,*) <5>                                   
1 #ARRAY2 (P5/1:4,1:4) INIT (4,*) <10>                                  
END-DEFINE                                                              
*                                                                       
ADD +5 -2 -1 GIVING #A
WRITE NOTITLE 'ADD +5 -2 -1 GIVING #A' 15X '=' #A                       
*                                                                       
ADD .231 3.6 GIVING #B
WRITE       / 'ADD .231 3.6 GIVING #B' 15X '=' #B                       
*                                                                       
ADD ROUNDED 2.9 3.8 GIVING #C
WRITE       / 'ADD ROUNDED 2.9 3.8 GIVING #C' 8X '=' #C 
*                                                  
MOVE *DATX TO #DATE                                
ADD 7 TO #DATE
WRITE       / 'CURRENT DATE:'     *DATX (DF=L) 13X 
              'CURRENT DATE + 7:' #DATE (DF=L)     
*                                                  
WRITE       / '#ARRAY1 AND #ARRAY2 BEFORE ADDITION'
            / '=' #ARRAY1 (2,*) '=' #ARRAY2 (4,*)  
ADD #ARRAY1 (2,*) TO #ARRAY2 (4,*)
WRITE       / '#ARRAY1 AND #ARRAY2 AFTER ADDITION' 
            / '=' #ARRAY1 (2,*) '=' #ARRAY2 (4,*)  
*                                                  
END

Output of Program ADDEX1:

ADD +5 -2 -1 GIVING #A               #A:   2                             
                                                                         
ADD .231 3.6 GIVING #B               #B:  3.8                            
                                                                         
ADD ROUNDED 2.9 3.8 GIVING #C        #C:  7                              
                                                                         
CURRENT DATE: 2005-01-10             CURRENT DATE + 7: 2005-01-17        
                                                                         
#ARRAY1 AND #ARRAY2 BEFORE ADDITION                                      
#ARRAY1:      5      5      5      5 #ARRAY2:     10     10     10     10
                                                                         
#ARRAY1 AND #ARRAY2 AFTER ADDITION                                       
#ARRAY1:      5      5      5      5 #ARRAY2:     15     15     15     15