This document describes the steps for installing Natural for DB2 (product code NDB) on z/OS.
For information on how to operate Natural in a DB2 environment, see Natural for DB2 in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation.
When used in this document, the notation
vrs or
vr represents the relevant product
version (see also Version in the
Glossary).
The following software must be installed before you can install Natural for DB2:
Natural (you cannot install Natural and Natural for DB2 at the same time)
See also General Prerequisites and System Support in the section Overview of the Installation Process.
The installation medium contains the following data sets required for product installation:
| Data Set Name | Contents |
|---|---|
NDBvrs.LOAD |
Load modules |
NDBvrs.SRCE |
Source modules and macros |
NDBvrs.JOBS |
Sample installation jobs |
NDBvrs.INPL |
Natural objects including error messages |
Copy the data sets into your environment as described in Copying Data Sets to a z/OS Disk in the section Installing Natural.
Be sure to read Installation Process and Major Natural Features before you start the installation procedure.
The installation procedure comprises the following:
This section described the installation steps that apply to all Natural environments where Natural for DB2 can be installed. The steps additionally required for a particular TP monitor are described in the following sections.
If you upgrade to a newer DB2 version, you need not upgrade your current Natural for DB2 installation.
If you upgrade to a newer DB2 version and also want to upgrade to a newer Natural for DB2 version, consider the following:
Do not recreate the NDBIOMO module with the DB2
version parameter of the new DB2 version, unless the new-function mode is
enabled in the new DB2 version. In this case, skip the Steps 2 to 5.
If the new-function mode is enabled in the new DB2 version,
you only need to create a new NDBIOMO module if you want to use
the new DB2 statements added to the NDBIOMO module for the new DB2
version. Otherwise, you can also skip the Steps 2 to 5.
Allocate a PDS as DBRM (database request module) library. The size of this data set and the number of directory entries depend on the particular site (5 tracks and 20 directory blocks must be adequate for most environments). The PDS must have a fixed-block record format and a record length of 80.
Any standard data set name can be used for this DBRM library;
however, this installation procedure assumes that the name
SAGLIB.DB2DBRM is used.
(Job I055, Step 1600)
Execute the standard Natural batch job provided with this step
to generate the assembly source for the NDBIOMO module from the
NDBIOTM member. This batch job invokes the Natural program
NDBGENI, which is loaded with the Natural
INPL utility during
the installation of base Natural.
NDBIOMO provides dynamic access to DB2 and
contains all necessary EXEC SQL statements. In addition, it
contains some special SQL statements which cannot be executed in dynamic mode.
See also I/O Module
NDBIOMO for Dynamic SQL Statement Execution in the
Database Management System Interfaces documentation.
Modify the following two positional parameters contained in
NDBGENI to meet your requirements.
The first parameter restricts the use of SQL statements to those supported by a particular DB2 version. Set this parameter to one of the following values:
DB2V9 for DB2
Version 9 in new-function mode, or any higher DB2 version,
DB2V10 for DB2
Version 10 in new function mode, or any higher DB2 version, or
DB2V11 for DB2
Version 11 in new function mode, or any higher DB2 version.
The second parameter specifies the maximum number of parallel dynamic prepared DB2 statements.
Check the output report created by this job for successful job completion. In addition, a condition code of 0 indicates normal completion.
(Job I055, Step 1610)
Precompile, assemble and link the Natural for DB2 I/O module
NDBIOMO.
The link-edit step receives a condition code of 4 because of
unresolved references for DSNHLI. This is normal and can be
ignored.
(Job I055, Step 1620)
Bind the DBRM NDBIOMO into a package.
(Job I055, Step 1630)
Create the DB2 plans to be used by Natural for DB2 in batch mode, TSO and under CICS.
(Job I055, Step 1680)
Link-edit the Natural for DB2 load module
NATGWDB2.
(Job I060, Steps 0010, 0015)
Build the Natural parameter module for batch mode. The macros and parameters mentioned in this section are described in the Parameter Reference documentation.
Modify the settings of the parameters supplied with the Natural parameter module as required:
Set the parameters supplied with the
NTOSP
macro to configure the z/OS batch interface. For descriptions of these
parameters, see the corresponding dynamic profile parameter
OSP.
Set the parameters specific to Natural for DB2 supplied
with the NTDB2
macro. For descriptions of these parameters, see the corresponding dynamic
profile parameter DB2.
See also Natural Parameter Modifications for Natural for DB2.
Assemble and link the Natural parameter module.
(Jobs I060, I080)
Link the environment-dependent nucleus:
Add the following INCLUDE statements and
corresponding DD statements to the link instructions for the linkage editor:
INCLUDE SMALIB(nat-parm-module) |
Natural parameter module, where
nat-parm-module is the module name used
in Step 7: Build the
Natural Parameter Module |
INCLUDE DSNLIB(DSNTIAR) |
SQL error message module |
INCLUDE NDBLIB(NDBPARM) |
Natural for DB2 load module
contained on the NDBvrs.LOAD
data set.
|
INCLUDE SMALIB(NDBIOMO) |
Natural for DB2 I/O module created in Step 3: Build NDBIOMO |
INCLUDE xxxxxxxx(yyyyyyyy) |
Environment-dependent DB2 interface (see below) |
Depending on your environment, specify the appropriate DB2
interface yyyyyyyy from library
xxxxxxxx in your INCLUDE
statement as shown in the following table:
| Interface | Library | Environment |
|---|---|---|
DSNALI
|
DSNLIB
|
Under TSO and in batch mode without running under the control of the DSN command processor, that is, with CAF (Call Attachment Facility) |
DSNRLI
|
DSNLIB
|
WLM (Workload Manager) stored
procedure address space and Natural Development Server (recommended)
This can also be used in TSO and batch environments. |
DSNELI
|
DSNLIB
|
Under TSO and in batch mode when running under the control of the DSN command processor |
DSNCLI
|
DFHLIB
|
Under CICS |
DSNULI |
DSNLIB |
Under all environments except Com-plete |
DFSLI000
|
IMSLIB
|
Under IMS TM (MPP and BMP) and in
batch mode using the DB2 DL/I batch support (DSNMTV01)
|
NDBCOM
|
NDBLIB
|
Under Com-plete |
Link the environment-independent nucleus:
Add the following INCLUDE statement and
corresponding DD statement to the link instructions for the Natural for DB2
load module:
INCLUDE SMALIB(NATGWDB2)
Instead of linking both the environment-dependent nucleus and environment-independent nucleus as described above, you can use one of the following methods:
Create a single environment-dependent nucleus:
Link all the environment-dependent modules together with all environment-independent modules, thus creating one single, environment-dependent nucleus.
Separate the NATGWDB2 module (not linked to the
environment-independent nucleus):
Run the NATGWDB2 module as a separate module by
using the Natural Resolve STATIC Addresses feature (RCA).
You can modify the name of the NATGWDB2 module
linked in Step
6. However, if you use a name different from
NATGWDB2, this name must be specified as an alias name in the
NTALIAS
macro (see the Parameter Reference documentation) in the
Natural parameter module.
Create an alternative Natural parameter module containing all the environment-dependent and environment-independent Natural for DB2 and DB2 for z/OS modules:
Link the alternative Natural parameter module together with
all Natural for DB2 modules (NATGWDB2, NDBIOMO,
NDBPARM) and all DB2 for z/OS modules (DSNTIAR and a
DB2 interface module) as Natural for DB2 nucleus
NDBNUCxx with ENTRY
NATPARM.
You can deploy the Natural for DB2 nucleus
NDBNUCxx by specifying
PARM=NDBNUCxx as a dynamic
parameter.
This method provides the option to execute a new Natural for
DB2 Version xx in an existing Natural
environment with an older Natural for DB2 version.
A Natural for DB2 nucleus with a linked DB2 interface module
DSNULI supported by DB2 for z/OS Version 12 can operate in all
environments except Com-plete.
The following applies when linking a separate
NATGWDB2 module (Alternative 2 above) or a separate Natural
parameter module (Alternative 3 above):
| TP Monitor | Requirement |
|---|---|
| CICS | The resulting module must be defined as PPT entry or
RDO.
PPT entry: DFHPPT TYPE=ENTRY,PROGRAM=module-name,PGMLANG=ASSEMBLER |
| Com-plete | The resulting module must be defined as
RESIDENTPAGE or reside in the LPA/(E)LPA.
|
(Job I061, Step 1610)
Before executing this step, change the CMWKF01 DD
statement to point to the NDBvrs.INPL
data set.
Load the Natural objects specific to Natural for DB2 from the
NDBvrs.INPL data set into the Natural
system file by using the Natural INPL utility. The Natural
objects are loaded into the Natural system libraries SYSDDM,
SYSTEM and SYSDB2 in the FNAT system
file.
Important:
Ensure that your newly created SYSDB2
library contains all necessary Predict interface programs which are loaded into
SYSDB2 when installing Predict (see the relevant
Predict documentation).
(Job I070, Steps 1604, 1606, 1608, 1610)
Create server stubs to execute Natural stored procedures and Natural user-defined functions. Natural for DB2 server stubs are interface modules between the DB2 database system and the Natural server. The server stub must be installed in order to execute Natural stored procedures and Natural user-defined functions.
There are two types of server stub:
- Natural for DB2 server stub (module NDBvrSRV, Steps 1604 and 1606)
The server stub is used to execute Natural stored procedures and Natural user-defined functions.
The IBM Language Environment (LE) runtime modules required must be linked to the Natural for DB2 server stub module. Use the CALL option of the linkage editor and assign the LE runtime library as
SYSLIB.- Natural for DB2 start server stub (module NDBvrSTR, Steps 1608 and 1610)
The start server stub is used to start the Natural server environment(s) explicitly.
The IBM LE runtime modules required must be linked to the Natural for DB2 start server stub module. Use the CALL option of the linkage editor and assign the LE runtime library as
SYSLIB. Additionally, include the modulesNDBSTRP(delivered with Natural for DB2) andNATCONFG(delivered with Natural) fromNDBvrs.LOADandNATvrs.LOAD.
Natural for DB2 server stubs are generated from the
NDBSTUB macro.
You can generally use the default values for all parameters. Modify only the
values of the parameters whose default values do not suit your requirements.
The individual parameters are described in the section
Natural for DB2 Server
Stub.
Place the resulting load modules into a steplib library of the JCL used to execute the DB2 stored procedure address space.
For DB2 UDB, each Natural stored procedure or Natural
user-defined function must be defined by a DB2 CREATE PROCEDURE or
DB2 CREATE FUNCTION statement, where the name of the generated
Natural for DB2 server stub module
NDBvrSRV is specified as EXTERNAL
NAME.
(Job I070, Step 1615)
Bind the DBRM ROUTINEN into a package.
The DBRM ROUTINEN is contained in the collection
SAGNDBROUTINENPACK and delivered with Natural for DB2. Natural for
DB2 needs this collection to access the DB2 catalog and retrieve the parameter
descriptions of Natural stored procedures and Natural user-defined
functions.
This section describes the additional steps required to install Natural for DB2 in a CICS environment.
Ensure that your Natural/CICS thread size is large enough to contain
the DB2SIZE; if you use the
Natural Tools for DB2
(described in the Database Management System Interfaces
documentation), additional storage of 8 KB is required.
This section covers the following topics:
(Job I005)
If you want fixed assignment of your transaction code to the DB2
plan, add an additional entry to your CICS RCT, or define a
DB2Entry with RDO by performing one of the following alternative
steps:
Modify your RCT:
DSNRCT TYPE=ENTRY,PLAN=plan-name,TXID=(transaction-id)
where plan-name must
be the same as the name used to create the DB2 plan for Natural for DB2: see
Common Installation
Steps.
Assemble and link the RCT.
Define a DB2Entry with RDO:
DEFINE DB2ENTRY
OVERTYPE TO MODIFY CICS RELEASE = nnnn
CEDA DEFine DB2Entry( )
DB2Entry : DB2ENTR
Group : NCI
DEscription :
THREAD SELECTION ATTRIBUTES
TRansid : transaction-id
THREAD OPERATION ATTRIBUTES
ACcountrec : None None ! TXid ! TAsk ! Uow
AUTHId :
AUTHType : Userid Userid ! Opid ! Group ! Sign ! TErm
! TX
DRollback : Yes Yes ! No
PLAN : plan-name
PLANExitname :
PRIority : High High ! Equal ! Low
PROtectnum : 0005 0-2000
THREADLimit : 0005 0-2000
THREADWait : Pool Pool ! Yes ! No
plan-name
must be the same as the name used to create the DB2 plan for Natural for DB2:
see Common Installation
Steps.
For explanations of the parameters, refer to the relevant CICS literature from IBM.
If you want to perform plan selection by using the dynamic plan exit, perform the following steps:
(Job I070, Step 1630)
If you want to specify a default plan name, modify the
source module NDBUEXT.
The sample exit routine NDBUEXT can be modified
to use a default plan name if none has been specified prior to the first SQL
call. Review the source code in the NDBUEXT module for details
about specifying a default plan name.
Ensure that all NDBUEXT modules used in Natural
for DB2 versions prior to Version 8.3 are replaced by the new
NDBUEXT module built in this step. The new NDBUEXT
module still supports CICS TS queue names used in previous versions of Natural
for DB2.
Precompile, assemble and link NDBUEXT for
CICS.
This step receives a condition code of 4 because of an
unresolved external reference for DFHEAI0 and DFHEI1.
This is normal and can be ignored.
(Job I075, Step 1640)
Link the module NDBUEXT resulting from the
previous step to the CICS load library and define it via a corresponding PPT
entry or RDO.
PPT entry:
DFHPPT TYPE=ENTRY,PROGRAM=NDBUEXT,PGMLANG=ASSEMBLER
For explanations of the parameters, refer to the relevant CICS literature from IBM.
Perform the following step:
Define a DB2Entry with RDO:
DEFINE DB2ENTRY
OVERTYPE TO MODIFY CICS RELEASE = nnnn
CEDA DEFine DB2Entry( )
DB2Entry : DB2ENTR
Group : NCI
DEscription :
THREAD SELECTION ATTRIBUTES
TRansid : transaction-id
THREAD OPERATION ATTRIBUTES
ACcountrec : None None ! TXid ! TAsk ! Uow
AUTHId :
AUTHType : Userid Userid ! Opid ! Group ! Sign ! TErm
! TX
DRollback : Yes Yes ! No
PLAN :
PLANExitname : NDBUEXT
PRIority : High High ! Equal ! Low
PROtectnum : 0005 0-2000
THREADLimit : 0005 0-2000
THREADWait : Pool Pool ! Yes ! No
The parameter PLANExitname must
specify the same program as the NAME statement of
Step 2: Link the CICS
Dynamic Plan Selection Exit Module NDBUEXT.
Alternatively or additionally, you can specify the plan exit
program NDBUEXT with the PLANExitname
parameter of POOL THREAD ATTRIBUTES of the DB2Conn
resource definition of CICS TS.
If you want to use the Natural file server with VSAM, perform the following additional installation steps:
(Job I008, Step 1610)
Specify the size and the name of the VSAM RRDS that is to be used as the Natural file server (see also Preparations for Using the File Server in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
(Job I075, Step 1610)
Specify the five input parameters required to format the Natural file server data set (see also Preparations for Using the File Server in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
Add an additional FCT entry required for the Natural file server and the DB2 components of Natural according to the following example:
CMFSERV DFHFCT TYPE=DATASET, *
ACCMETH=VSAM , *
BUFND=5, *
BUFNI=4, *
DATASET=CMFSERV, *
DISP=SHR, *
DSNAME=SAGLIB.NCIDB2.SERVER, *
FILSTAT=(ENABLED,CLOSED), *
JID=NO, *
LOG=NO, *
LSRPOOL=NONE, 1-8 ONLY FOR XA; NONE *
RECFORM=(FIXED,BLOCKED), *
RSL=PUBLIC, *
SERVREQ=(ADD,UPDATE,DELETE,BROWSE), *
STRNO=4
Assemble and link the CICS table.
Restarting CICS is required, because of the additional FCT entry specified in the previous step.
Under Com-plete, the installation procedure of Natural for DB2 continues with the adaptation of your Com-plete environment.
Ensure that the changes required for DB2 have been applied to your Com-plete environment (see the relevant section in the Com-plete documentation).
This section describes the additional steps required to install Natural for DB2 in an IMS TM environment.
Ensure that the thread of your Natural IMS TM Interface is large
enough to contain the DB2SIZE; if you use the
Natural Tools for DB2
(described in the Database Management System Interfaces
documentation), additional storage of 8 KB is required.
(Job I055, Steps 1631, 1632, 1633, 1634 for IMS MPP conversational, IMS BMP, IMS MPP non-conversational, OBMP)
Build the DB2 plan to be used by Natural for DB2 in all IMS TM environments supported by Natural.
If the name (or any ALIAS) of your
environment-dependent
nucleus does not match the name of your DB2 plan or if you want to
use the same DB2 plan for all IMS TM environments, you must use a Resource
Translation Table (RTT).
Modify, assemble and link the IMS TM RTT:
Add an additional DSNMAPN macro to your RTT as
follows (for any other parameters, refer to the relevant DB2 literature from
IBM):
DSNMAPN macro:
DSNMAPN APN=load-module,PLAN=plan-name
where load-module is
the environment-dependent nucleus (that is, the IMS TM application program) and
plan-name is the same as the one used
in Binding DB2
Plans.
Be aware that database loops cannot be continued across terminal I/O without using the Natural file server.
If you want to use the Natural file server with VSAM, perform the following additional installation steps:
(Job I008, Step 1600)
Specify the size and the name of the VSAM RRDS that is to be used as the Natural file server (see also Preparations for Using the File Server in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
(Job I075, Step 1600)
Specify the five input parameters required to format the Natural file server data set (see also Preparations for Using the File Server in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
Include the DD statement CMFSERV to define the
Natural file server data set.
Increase the REGION parameter if
necessary.
Restart your MPP region, because of the additional DD statement.
This section describes the additional installation steps required in a TSO environment if you want to use the Natural file server with VSAM:
Set the keyword subparameter
NDBFSRV
(see the Parameter Reference documentation) in the
NTTSOP
macro to ON and reassemble and relink your Natural TSO
Interface.
(Job I008, Step 1620)
Specify the size and the name of the VSAM RRDS that is to be used as the Natural file server (see also Preparations for Using the File Server in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
(Job I075, Step 1620)
Specify the five input parameters required to format the Natural file server data set (see also Preparations for Using the File Server in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
This section provides example batch jobs and online methods for verifying the successful installation of Natural for DB2.
NDBBATCA contains sample JCL to test Natural for DB2
in batch mode by using the CAF (Call Attachment Facility) interface.
Modify the sample JCL to meet your requirements.
Before the first SQL call, you must call NATPLAN to
explicitly allocate the plan. The plan name must be the same as the name used
in Step 5: Create the
DB2 Plan for Use with Natural for DB2.
NATPLAN can be edited to specify the appropriate DB2 subsystem
ID.
NDBBATTB contains sample JCL to test Natural for DB2
in batch mode by using the DSN command processor. Modify the sample JCL to meet
your requirements.
The plan name must be the same as the name used in
Step 5: Create the
DB2 Plan for Use with Natural for DB2. For explanations of
the DSN and RUN commands,
refer to the relevant IBM literature for DB2/TSO and batch users.
NDBMTV01 contains a sample JCL to execute Natural by
using the DB2 DL/I batch support.
Modify the sample JCL to meet your requirements.
The plan name must be the same as the name used in Step 5: Create the DB2 Plan for Use with Natural for DB2.
You can perform the following steps to test the TSO installation of Natural for DB2 under CAF (Call Attachment Facility):
(Job I070, Step 240C)
Change the library and program names in the CLIST
NDBCAF to meet your requirements. If you do not use the Natural
file server, remove the ALLOC and FREE statements for
CMFSERV.
Invoke Natural by executing the CLIST adapted in the previous step. Ensure that DB2 tables can be accessed and that plan switching can be performed.
Before the first SQL call, you must call NATPLAN
to explicitly allocate the plan. The plan name must be the same as the name
used in Step 5:
Create the DB2 Plan for Use with Natural for DB2.
NATPLAN can be edited to specify the appropriate DB2 subsystem
ID.
You can perform the following steps to test the TSO installation of Natural for DB2 under DSN:
(Job I070, Step 240B)
Change the subsystem ID and the library, plan and program
names in the CLIST NDBTSO to meet your requirements. If you do not
use the Natural file server, remove the ALLOC and
FREE statements for CMFSERV.
Invoke Natural by executing the CLIST created in the previous
step. Ensure that DB2 tables can be accessed. The plan name must be the same as
the name used in Binding DB2
Plans. For explanations of the
DSN and RUN commands,
refer to the relevant IBM literature for DB2/TSO and batch users.
You can verify the successful installation of Natural for DB2
online by using either or
DEM2 example programs:
You can verify the successful installation of Natural for DB2 by using the function (described in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation) of the Natural SYSDDM utility:
Invoke Natural.
Invoke the SYSDDM utility.
In the SYSDDM main menu, enter function code B
to invoke .
Enter function code S to select all DB2
tables.
The communication between Natural and DB2 works if all existing DB2 tables are displayed.
For one of the tables, generate a Natural DDM as described in the section Generate DDM from an SQL Table in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation.
After you have generated a DDM, access the corresponding DB2 table with a simple Natural program as indicated in the following example:
DEFINE DATA 01 view-name OF ddm-name 02 field ... END-DEFINE FIND view-name WITH field = value DISPLAY field END-FIND END
where:
view-name is a
view of the DDM ddm-name,
field is a DDM
field,
value is the
search value to be used for the field.
If you receive the message NAT3700, enter the Natural system
command SQLERR to display the corresponding SQL
return code. SQLERR is
described in the System Commands documentation.
You can also use the DEM2* example programs in the
Natural system library SYSDB2 provided on the installation medium
to verify and test your installation.
You can create a DB2 table with DEM2CREA, and then
create the corresponding DDM by using the Natural SYSDDM utility. You can store
data in the created table with DEM2STOR, and retrieve data from
the table with DEM2FIND or DEM2SEL. You can also drop
the table with the DEM2DROP program.
This section covers the following topics:
Adapt the Natural parameter module to meet your requirements. The Natural parameters mentioned in this section are described in the Parameter Reference documentation.
- DB2SIZE Parameter
Specify the profile parameter
DB2SIZE:DB2SIZE=nn
DB2SIZEindicates the size of the work area used for processing SQL requests. It must be set to at least 6 KB.The setting of
DB2SIZEalso depends on whether you use the Natural file server or not. If the Natural file server is not used, the setting can be calculated according to the following formula:((1064 + n1 * 48 + n2 * 120) + 1023) / 1024 KBIf the Natural file server is used, the setting can be calculated according to the following formula:
((1160 + n1 * 48 + n2 * 160 + n3 * 8) + 1023) / 1024 KBThe variables
n1,n2andn3correspond to the following:
n1Number of statements for dynamic access as specified as the second parameter in Step 2: Generate the Natural for DB2 I/O Module NDBIOMO n2Maximum number of nested database loops as specified with the MAXLOOPparameter in theNTDB2macron3Maximum number of Natural file server blocks to be allocated per user specified as the fifth parameter in Job I075, Step 1620, or the EBPMAXparameter in theNTDB2macro, if you decided to use the Software AG Editor buffer pool as the Natural file serverThe
DB2SIZEparameter can also be specified dynamically at the start of a Natural session.Important:
Ensure that you have also added the Natural parameters required for the Software AG Editor; see the relevant installation description in the section Installing Software AG Editor.- NTDB Macro
Specify database type DB2 and a list of DBIDs (database IDs) in the
NTDBmacro. All Natural DDMs that refer to a DB2 table must be cataloged with a DBID from this list. DBID can be any number from 1 to 65535. For most environments, one DBID (usually 250) is sufficient for database type DB2.The DB2 DBIDs can also be specified dynamically at the start of a Natural session by using the
DBprofile parameter.Important:
Ensure that all DB2 DDMs used when cataloging a given program have a valid DB2 DBID. Also ensure that the DBIDs selected in theNTDBmacro for DB2 do not conflict with DBIDs selected for other database systems.- NTDB2 Macro
Set the keyword subparameters in the
NTDB2macro according to your requirements.The
NTDB2keyword subparameters can also be specified dynamically at the start of a Natural session by using the profile parameterDB2.- NTLFILE Macro
Set the profile parameter
LFILEin the macroNTLFILEto specify a logical DBID (database ID) that relates to database type DB2:NTLFILE 100,250,1This is necessary for using ISQL or calling
NDBISQLwith Natural for DB2.The
LFILEparameter can also be specified dynamically at the start of a Natural session.
During execution of an SQL statement, storage is allocated dynamically to build the SQLDA for passing the host variables to DB2.
In previous Natural for DB2 versions, this storage was always
obtained from the TP monitor or operating system. For performance reasons, it
is now first attempted to meet the storage requirements by free space in the
Natural for DB2 buffer (DB2SIZE). If there is not enough
space available in this buffer, the TP monitor or operating system is invoked
to provide additional storage.
You can avoid GETMAIN requests by setting
DB2SIZE to a size larger than calculated with the
formulas in the
section DB2SIZE
Parameter.
Depending on the SQL execution mode and on the usage of the Natural file server, the additional storage requirements (in bytes) can be calculated as follows:
With sending fields:
80 + n * 56
With sending fields including LOB columns:
80 + 2 * n * 56
where n is the
number of sending fields in an SQL statement.
The storage is freed immediately after the execution of the SQL statement.
With receiving fields (that is, with variables of the
INTO clause (see
into-clause)
of a SELECT
statement):
80 + n * 56 + 24 + n * 2
With receiving fields including LOB columns:
80 + 2 * n * 56 + 24 + n * 2
where n is the
number of receiving fields in an SQL statement.
The storage remains allocated until the loop is terminated.
With sending fields:
80 + n * 24
With sending fields including LOB columns:
80 + 2 * n * 56
where n is the
number of sending fields in an SQL statement.
The storage is freed immediately after the execution of the SQL statement.
With receiving fields (that is, with variables of the
INTO clause (see
into-clause)
of a SELECT
statement):
80 + n * 24 + 24 + n * 2
With receiving fields including LOB columns:
80 + 2 * n * 56 + 24 + n * 2
where n is the
number of receiving fields in an SQL statement.
The storage remains allocated until the loop is terminated.
When using the Natural file server, additional storage is
required for each database loop that contains positioned
UPDATE
and/or DELETE
statements.
For each of such loops, a buffer is allocated to save the
contents of all receiving fields contained in the INTO clause (see
into-clause).
Therefore, the size of this buffer corresponds to the total length of all
receiving fields:
20 + 4 + sum (length (v1), ..., length (vn))
where v1 ...
vn refers to the variables contained in the
INTO clause.
The buffer remains allocated until the loop is terminated.
If you use the default value 10 for both variables
(n1 and
n2), the calculated
DB2SIZE will be 2208 bytes. However, if you specify a
DB2SIZE of 20 KB instead, the available space for dynamically
allocated storage will be 18272 bytes, which means enough space for up to
either 325 sending fields or 313 receiving fields.
Since space for receiving fields remains allocated until a database loop is terminated, the number of fields that can be used inside such a loop is reduced accordingly. For example, if you retrieve 200 fields, you can update about 110 fields inside the loop.
When using VARCHAR fields (that is, fields with
either an accompanying L@ field in the Natural view or an explicit
LINDICATOR clause), additional storage is allocated dynamically if
the L@ or LINDICATOR field is not specified directly
in front of the corresponding base field. Therefore, always specify these
fields in front of their base fields.
Consider the following requirements and recommendations for using the Natural Tools for DB2 (described in the Database Management System Interfaces documentation).
In order to be independent of DB2 versions, the
and
functions of the Natural Tools for DB2 have been designed not to access the DB2
catalog tables directly, but to access identical tables qualified by the
creator name SYSSAG.
Thus, before you can use the
or function, you must create these tables.
The SYSSAG tables must have the same columns as the DB2 catalog
tables and they must be created as ALIAS, VIEW or
TABLE.
You can use the sample SQLCODE provided in the member
DEMSQL4 in the Natural system library SYSDB2 to
create these tables. By default, it creates an ALIAS
SYSSAG.xxx for the corresponding
SYSIBM table.
For some catalog tables, no indexes are defined. For performance reasons, consider creating copies of these tables with appropriate indexes.
We recommend that you work with copies of the catalog tables for the following tables:
SYSCOLAUTH
SYSDBRM
SYSFOREIGNKEYS
SYSINDEXPART
SYSKEYS
SYSSTMT
SYSSYNONYMS
SYSTABLEPART
SYSVIEWS
The required CREATE TABLE and CREATE
INDEX statements are contained as comments in the sample SQL member
DEMSQL4. In addition, DEMSQLUP contains sample
SQLCODE to update the data in the copies of the catalog tables.
For any other table, we recommend that you create an
ALIAS or a VIEW that points to the corresponding
SYSIBM table.
Note:
The sample SQL members can be executed with the
ISQL part of SYSDB2. ISQL enables you to
read SQL members from the Natural system library SYSDB2. You can
save an SQL member in any other library by issuing the command
LIBRARY MYLIB from the ISQL input screen to switch
to another library and then save the SQL member there. You cannot save SQL
members in the library SYSDB2.
These functions access DB2 PLAN_TABLEs. You can only
use these functions if a PLAN_TABLE exists for your SQLID. For the
layout of the PLAN_TABLE, refer to IBM's DB2 literature on the
EXPLAIN command.
We recommend that you create an index on the following columns of
the PLAN_TABLE:
APPLNAME
PROGNAME
COLLID
QUERYNO
TIMESTAMP
DESC
QBLOCKNO
PLANNO
MIXOPSEQ
A Natural for DB2 server stub is an interface module needed to communicate between the DB2 database system and the Natural server. The server stub module determines, sets up and invokes a Natural server environment for executing Natural stored procedures and Natural user-defined functions.
As mentioned in the Installation
Procedure, there are two types of server stub: the Natural
for DB2 start server stub (STR) and the Natural for DB2 server stub (SRV). Both
stubs are generated from the NDBSTUB macro.
The Natural for DB2 start server stub is used for setting up the
Natural server environments desired. The start server stub must be the main
execution program in the Stored Procedure Address Space (SPAS). After the start
server stub has established the Natural server environments, it passes control
to the appropriate DB2 program (DSNX9WLM for WLM SPAS and
DSNX9STP for DB2 SPAS). When SPAS terminates, the DB2 program
returns control to the start server stub. The start server stub stops the
Natural server environments and returns control to the operating system.
The Natural for DB2 start server stub reads the names and
parameters of the Natural server to be started from the CMSRVIN
data set. CMSRVIN must be specified with the DD name
CMSRVIN.
The CMSRVIN data set is a sequential file that
contains all information required to start the desired Natural servers. For
each server to be started, one START entry must be provided. The
parameters used for the START entries are identical to the
parameters that apply to the NDBSTUB macro. Enclose the contents
of each START entry in brackets and delimit comments by the
following signs: /* and */.
START=(SERVER=NDBvrSRV,NATURAL=NATBATvr,CMPRMIN=CMPRMIN,
CMPRINT=CMPRINT,CMTRACE=CMTRACE,THREADSIZE=768,
THREADNUMBER=2,TRACE=ON)
START=(SERVER=WDBvrSRV,NATURAL=NATBATvr,CMPRMIN=CMPRMIN,
CMPRINT=CMPRINT,CMTRACE=CMTRACE,THREADSIZE=768,
THREADNUMBER=2,TRACE=ON)
/* START=(SERVER=QEvrsSRV,NATURAL=NATBATvr,CMPRMIN=QAPARM, */
/* CMPRINT=CMPRINT,CMTRACE=CMTRACE,THREADSIZE=700, */
/* THREADNUMBER=2,TRACE=OFF) */
If the start server data set is missing or has not been assigned, the start server stub will start a Natural server environment with the parameters that derive from the parameters defined for the start server stub itself.
The Natural for DB2 server stub is the link between DB2 and
Natural stored procedures or Natural user-defined functions (Natural UDFs).
Specify the Natural for DB2 server stub as EXTERNAL NAME in the
SYSIBM.SYSROUTINES table row that refers to the Natural stored
procedure or Natural UDF. The server stub is started by DB2/WLM when the
Natural stored procedures or Natural UDFs are invoked. The Natural for DB2
server stub creates a Natural session in the Natural server environment and
invokes the Natural subprogram comprising the Natural stored procedure or the
Natural UDF.
A Natural session created for executing a Natural stored procedure terminates when the corresponding Natural subprogram ends and control returns to DB2 and to the calling client.
A Natural session created for executing a Natural UDF stays active
for multiple function invocations if the PARALLEL attribute is set
to D and the FINAL CALL attribute is set to
Y. The session invoked for a Natural UDF function is terminated by
the server stub if it detects a termination call.
The JCL procedure of the Stored Procedure Address Space (SPAS)
must specify the Natural for DB2 start server stub as program in the
EXEC statement.
The Natural for DB2 start server stub and the Natural for DB2 server stub must reside in a library contained in the steplib concatenation of the JCL procedure of the SPAS.
//************************************************************* //* JCL FOR RUNNING THE WLM-ESTABLISHED STORED PROCEDURES //* ADDRESS SPACE //* RGN -- MVS REGION SIZE FOR THE ADDRESS SPACE. //* DB2SSN -- DB2 SUBSYSTEM NAME. //* NUMTCB -- NUMBER OF TCBS USED TO //* PROCESS END USER REQUESTS. //* APPLENV -- MVS WLM APPLICATION ENVIRONMENT //* SUPPORTED BY THIS JCL PROCEDURE. //* //************************************************************* //DBvrsENV PROC RGN=0K,APPLENV=DBvrsENV,DB2SSN=DBvrs,NUMTCB=8 //IEFPROC EXEC PGM=NDBvrSTR,REGION=&RGN,TIME=NOLIMIT, /* Start server stub //*IEFPROC EXEC PGM=DSNX9WLM,REGION=&RGN,TIME=NOLIMIT, // PARM='&DB2SSN,&NUMTCB,&APPLENV' //STEPLIB DD DISP=SHR,DSN=DSNvrs.RUNLIB.LOAD // DD DISP=SHR,DSN=CEE.SCEERUN // DD DISP=SHR,DSN=DSNvrs.SDSNLOAD // DD DISP=SHR,DSN=NATURAL.LOAD /* Library containing stubs and nucleus //CMPRMIN DD DISP=SHR,DSN=hilev.SOURCE(DYNPARM) /* Dynamic Natural parameters //CMSRVIN DD DISP=SHR,DSN=hilev.SOURCE(CMSRVIN) /* Servers to be started //CEEDUMP DD SYSOUT=X //SYSOUT DD SYSOUT=X /* Traces records of server stub //RMTRACE DD SYSOUT=X //CMPRINT DD SYSOUT=X //SYSPRINT DD SYSOUT=X //SYSERROR DD SYSOUT=X //SYSUDUMP DD SYSOUT=X
where hilev represents a
high-level qualifier.
The NDBSTUB macro is used to generate the Natural for
DB2 server stub and Natural for DB2 start server stub. You can parameterize
NDBSTUB to create different stubs.
Below are the parameters available with NDBSTUB:
CMPRINT |
CMPRMIN |
CMTRACE |
GTRACE |
GTRCID |
MODE |
NATURAL |
SERVER |
THREADSIZE
| TRACE |
WLM
CMPRINT specifies the DD name of the
CMPRINT data set to which the primary report output is written.
If an asterisk (*) is specified, a unique
ddname
Pnnnnnnn is built whenever a Natural stored
procedure is invoked.
Possible Values:
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
ddname |
Any valid 8-character DD name |
CMPRINT |
This is the default name. |
CMPRMIN specifies the DD name of the
CMPRMIN data set during startup to read the input
PROFILE parameter for this server.
Possible Values:
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
ddname |
Any valid 8-character DD name |
CMPRMIN |
This is the default name. |
CMTRACE specifies the DD name of the
CMTRACE data set to which the primary report output is written.
If an asterisk (*) is specified, a unique
ddname
Pnnnnnnn is built whenever a Natural stored
procedure is invoked, which makes it possible to store each output
separately.
Possible Values:
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
ddname |
Any valid 8-character DD name |
CMTRACE |
This is the default name. |
GTRACE specifies whether or not the server stub
executes GTRACE macro calls for tracing purposes.
Possible Values:
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
ON |
The generated server stub executes
GTRACE macros in order to document its processing.
|
OFF |
The generated server stub does not execute
GTRACE macros during its processing cycle.
This is the default value. |
GTRCID specifies the event ID recorded
with the trace data created by the Natural for DB2 server stub.
Possible Values:
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
event-id |
Decimal number from 0 to
1023 |
203 |
This is the default value. |
MODE determines the operating mode of the
Natural for DB2 server stub generated.
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
STR |
The generated Natural for DB2 server stub operates as Natural for DB2 start server stub that sets up the Natural server environment. |
SRV |
The generated Natural for DB2 server stub operates
as Natural for DB2 server stub that invokes the associated Natural stored
procedure or Natural UDF.
This is the default value. |
NATURAL denotes the name of the server
front-end or Natural server load module loaded by the Natural for DB2 server
stub if the external CMSTART has not yet been resolved by the
linkage editor during the creation of the server stub. The named load module
has to be present in any steplib of the stored procedure address space.
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
name |
Any valid load module name |
NATBATvr |
This is the default value. |
Server names suffixed with the three characters SRV
denote the names of the servers used by the server front-end in order to
identify the Natural server. These names must be unique within one address
space.
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
server-name |
Server name of up to 5 characters |
NDBvr |
This is the default value. |
THREADSIZE determines the size of the
Natural threads to be used by the Natural server. The size is specified in
units of kilobytes.
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
threadsize |
Decimal number |
768 |
This is the default value. |
Determines whether the generated Natural for DB2 server stub
writes trace records. The trace records are written to the data set specified
with ddname SYSOUT.
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
YES |
Trace records are written. |
NO |
No trace records are written. This is the default value. |
WLM (Workload Manager) specifies where
control is passed to after the Natural for DB2 start server stub has
established the Natural server environments requested.
This parameter is only evaluated if the
MODE=STR
parameter is set. Specify WLM=YES if the Natural for DB2 start
server stub runs in an address space that has been established by
WLM.
| Value | Explanation |
|---|---|
YES |
The start server stub generates links to
DSNX9WLM, after setting up the Natural server
environments.
|
NO |
The start server stub generates links to
|