Several Natural subprograms are available to provide you with either internal information from the Natural SQL Gateway or specific functions that are not available within the interface itself.
This section covers the following topics:
The following Natural subprograms are provided:
| Subprogram | Function |
|---|---|
NDBERR |
Provides diagnostic information on the most recently executed SQL call. |
NDBISQL |
Executes SQL statements in dynamic mode. |
NDBNOERR |
Suppresses normal Natural error handling. |
NDBNROW |
Obtains the number of rows affected by a Natural SQL statement. |
All these subprograms are provided in the Natural system library
SYSTEM in the FNAT system file. In addition, the
Natural library SYSTEM in the FNAT system file
contains the subprogram DBTLIB2N and the subroutine
DBDL219S. They are used by NDBDBRM and
NDBDBR2. The corresponding parameters must be defined in a
DEFINE DATA statement.
The Natural subprograms NDBBRM, NDBDBR2,
NDBDBR3 allow the optional specification of the database ID, file
number, password and cipher code of the library file containing the program to
be examined.
If these parameters are not specified, either the actual
FNAT file or the FUSER file is used to locate the
program to be examined depending on whether the library name begins with
SYS or the library name does not begin with SYS.
Programs invoking NDBBRM, NDBDBR2,
NDBDBR3 without these parameters will also work as before this
change as the added parameters are declared as
optional.
The Natural subprogram NDBERR replaces function
E of the DB2SERV interface, which is still provided
but no longer documented. It provides diagnostic information on the most recent
SQL call. It also returns the database type which returned the error.
NDBERR is typically called if a database call returns a non-zero
SQL code.
A sample program called CALLERR is provided on the
installation tape; it demonstrates how to invoke NDBERR. A
description of the call format and of the parameters is provided in the text
member NDBERRT.
The calling Natural program must use the following syntax:
CALLNAT 'NDBERR' #SQLCODE #SQLSTATE #SQLCA #DBTYPE
The various parameters are described in the following table:
| Parameter | Format/Length | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
SQLCODE |
I4 | Returns the SQL return code. |
SQLSTATE |
A5 | Returns a return code for the output of the most recently executed SQL statement. |
SQLCA |
A136 | Returns the SQL communication area of the most recent SQL access. |
DBTYPE |
B1 | Returns the identifier (in hexadecimal format) for the
currently used database.
|
The Natural subprogram NDBISQL is used to execute
SQL statements in dynamic mode. The SELECT statement and all SQL
statements which can be prepared dynamically can be passed to NDBISQL.
A sample program called CALLISQL is provided on the
installation tape; it demonstrates how to invoke NDBISQL. A
description of the call format and of the parameters is provided in the text
member NDBISQLT.
The calling Natural program must use the following syntax:
CALLNAT 'NDBISQL'#FUNCTION #TEXT-LEN #TEXT (*) #SQLCA #RESPONSE #WORK-LEN #WORK (*)
The various parameters are described in the following table:
| Parameter | Format/Length | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
#FUNCTION |
A8 | For valid functions, see below. |
#TEXT-LEN |
I2 | Length of the SQL statement or of the buffer for the return area. |
#TEXT |
A1(1:V) | Contains the SQL statement or receives the return code. |
#SQLCA |
A136 | Contains the SQLCA. |
#RESPONSE |
I4 | Returns a response code. |
#WORK-LEN |
I2 | Length of the workarea specified by #WORK
(optional).
|
#WORK |
A1(1:V) | Work area used to hold SQLDA/SQLVAR and auxiliary fields across calls (optional). |
Valid functions for the #FUNCTION parameter
are:
| Function | Parameter | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
CLOSE |
Closes the cursor for the SELECT
statement.
|
|
EXECUTE |
|
Executes the SQL statement. |
FETCH |
|
Returns a record from the |
TITLE |
|
Returns the header for the |
The #RESPONSE parameter can contain the
following response codes:
| Code | Function | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | EXECUTE |
The statement is a SELECT statement.
|
| 6 | TITLE,
FETCH |
Data are truncated; only set on first TITLE or
FETCH call.
|
| 100 | FETCH |
No record / end of data. |
| -2 | Unsupported data type (for example,
GRAPHIC).
|
|
| -3 | TITLE,
FETCH |
No cursor open; |
| -4 | Too many columns in result table. | |
| -5 | SQL code from call. | |
| -6 | Version mismatch. | |
| -7 | Invalid function. | |
| -8 | Error from SQL call. | |
| -9 | Workarea invalid (possibly relocation). | |
| -10 | Interface not available. | |
| -11 | EXECUTE |
First two bytes of statement not blank. |
The first call must be an EXECUTE call.
NDBISQL has a fixed SQLDA AREA holding space for 50 columns. If
this area is too small for a particular SELECT, it is possible to
supply an optional work area on the calls to NDBISQL by specifying
#WORK-LEN (I2) and #WORK(A1/1:V).
This workarea is used to hold the SQLDA and temporary work fields like
null indicators and auxiliary fields for numeric columns. Calculate 16 bytes
for SQLDA header and 44 bytes for each result column and 2 bytes null indicator
for each column and place for each numeric column, when supplying
#WORK-LEN and #WORK(*) during NDBISQL
calls. If these optional parameters are specified on an
EXECUTE call they have also to be specified on any
following call.
If the statement is a SELECT statement (that is,
response code 5 is returned), any sequence of TITLE
and FETCH calls can be used to retrieve the data. A
response code of 100 indicates the end of the data.
The cursor must be closed with a CLOSE
call.
Function code EXECUTE implicitly closes a
cursor which has been opened by a previous EXECUTE
call for a SELECT statement.
In TP environments, no terminal I/O can be performed between an
EXECUTE call and any
TITLE, FETCH or
CLOSE call that refers to the same statement.
The Natural subprogram NDBNOERR is used to suppress
Natural NAT3700 errors caused by the next SQL call. This allows a program
controlled continuation if an SQL statement produces a non-zero SQL code. After
the SQL call has been performed, NDBERR is used to investigate the
SQL code.
A sample program called CALLNOER is provided on the
installation tape; it demonstrates how to invoke NDBNOERR. A
description of the call format and of the parameters is provided in the text
member NDBNOERT.
The calling Natural program must use the following syntax:
CALLNAT 'NDBNOERR'
There are no parameters provided with this subprogram.
Note:
Only NAT3700 errors (that is, non-zero SQL response codes) are
suppressed, and also only errors caused by the next following SQL
call.
If NDBNOERR is called before a statement that initiates
a database loop and an initialization error occurs, no processing loop will be
initiated, unless the IF NO RECORDS FOUND clause has been
specified.
If NDBNOERR is called within a database loop, it does
not apply to the processing loop itself, but only to the SQL statement
subsequently executed inside this loop.
The Natural subprogram NDBNROW is used to obtain the
number of rows affected by the Natural SQL statements Searched
UPDATE, Searched DELETE, and INSERT. The
number of rows affected is read from the SQL communication area (SQLCA). A
positive value represents the number of affected rows, whereas a value of minus
one (-1) indicates that all rows of a table in a segmented tablespace have been
deleted.
A sample program called CALLNROW is provided on the
installation tape; it demonstrates how to invoke NDBNROW. A description of the
call format and of the parameters is provided in the text member
NDBNROWT.
The calling Natural program must use the following syntax:
CALLNAT 'NDBNROW' #NUMBER
The parameter #NUMBER (I4) contains the number
of affected rows.
